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ADHD Medications and Treatments The most common medications used to treat ADHD are stimulants. They increase the levels of neurotransmitters to improve concentration and control impulses. These include amphetamine and dextroamphetamine that are known under brand names like Adderall and methylphenidate, as well as Lisdexamfetamine. They are also known as Ritalin and Concerta. If stimulants are not effective or cause too many side effects, doctors can prescribe antidepressants, such as Wellbutrin. These medications target dopamine as well as norepinephrine within the brain. Medication The brain chemicals norepinephrine as well as dopamine are important for concentration and thinking. Stimulants are among the most commonly prescribed medications for ADHD and can be effective if they are taken as directed. Like all medications, stimulants may cause adverse side effects. Doctors and patients work together to determine the best dose or combination of medications to minimize those side effects. Symptoms of ADHD can vary, but they always include inattention and hyperactive-impulsive behavior. iampsychiatry.uk start prior to the age of 12 and continue through adolescence, and even into adulthood. The symptoms can be mild, moderate, or severe and could differ between boys and girls. Boys and children assigned male at birth (AMAB) tend to show more hyperactive-impulsive symptoms, but the same behaviors can occur in girls and women. A medical professional can pinpoint ADHD in children or teens by following the American Psychiatric Association guidelines. They will talk to the child and their parents about their symptoms, and will observe them in different environments. A child should exhibit at least six signs in two or more different environments, and these symptoms must hinder the child's development and functioning. The symptoms must have begun before the child turned 12 years old. The majority of children suffering from ADHD are prescribed medication to treat their symptoms. A doctor may prescribe methylphenidate, the drug in Ritalin, or amphetamine-based stimulants, such as Adderall. Doctors can also prescribe non-stimulant treatments for ADHD, including atomoxetine and bupropion. These medications don't work as quickly as stimulants, however they can help reduce some of ADHD's annoying adverse effects. People who suffer from ADHD often have other psychiatric conditions, especially depression or a different mood disorder. They also are at a greater risk of developing substance use disorders. These issues can be treated with behavioral therapy which teaches children as well as adults how to better deal with ADHD. Research shows that a combination of therapy for behavior and medication can improve the quality of life of people and help reduce symptoms. Some kids and teens do not respond to the medication available for ADHD and therefore require less or a alternative type of medication. Clinical trials are currently being conducted to determine the best treatment option for adults and teenagers with ADHD. Behavioral therapy For some people who are not able to handle behavior therapy, it might not require medication. For those who are not it is possible to make changes to their diet and lifestyle could help alleviate symptoms of ADHD. Additionally, they might be able to figure out ways to improve their organizational skills, such as keeping important items in designated locations or using reminders and alarms. Exercise and other activities requiring physical activity can be used to help channel energy instead of acting in impulsive ways. Behavioral therapy is particularly beneficial for children with ADHD. It can teach parents how to be better parents, and also help their child cope with stress and other issues that could cause attention deficits. Behavioral therapy can help children manage their emotions and develop confidence in themselves, as well as manage their behavior at school. To diagnose ADHD, doctors discuss the person's symptoms at length with him or her, and observe their behavior in various settings. They will review school records and questionnaires from teachers, family members and others who know the person. They will also rule out other diseases and conditions that have similar symptoms. They will also use ADHD rating scales and conduct an examination for medical reasons. The most common medications used to treat ADHD are stimulants, which are designed to increase brain activity in the areas that regulate attention. This includes the prefrontal cortex and the basal ganglia. There are also non-stimulant medicines that can be used to treat ADHD. They are generally regarded as less effective, but they are more secure than stimulants. For people with ADHD treatment is a long process and it's essential to see a health care provider regularly. The symptoms of ADHD can interfere with work, school, and relationships. If not treated, it can lead to depression, low self esteem and eating disorders, as well as a poor eating habits, and alcohol or drug addiction. It is also essential to speak with your doctor if you notice that a medicine that was once effective does not have the same effect or triggers negative side negative effects. It is important to inform your doctor about any other medications you are taking, as some may interact with certain ADHD medications. Counseling No matter what medication is utilized counseling can help children and adults with ADHD cope with everyday problems that arise because of their disorder. Therapists can help them learn how to utilize calendars, date books, and remember appointments. They can also set realistic goals. Counseling can also provide ways to improve relationships and reducing conflict. Mental health professionals are also able to help parents understand the symptoms and help them develop new abilities, attitudes, and methods of communicating with their children. Counseling can help adult patients manage their lives and improve their performance at work. They can learn how to stay focused on their work by breaking down large assignments into smaller pieces that are easier to manage and practice coping strategies with frustration, anger, and anxiety. Psychotherapy can assist adults in gaining confidence and control impulsive and risk-taking behavior. Many adults discover alternative treatment options useful in addition to counseling. Stimulants may cause side effects such as jitteriness and sleep disturbances. They must be taken only according to prescription. People suffering from ADHD should be honest with their health care providers and let them know that they are having issues with certain medications. Most doctors prescribe the stimulant methylphenidate or MPH to treat ADHD. This drug increases the amount of neurotransmitters that influence attention and behavior in the brain. The drug is available in immediate-release as well as extended-release forms. The longer-acting versions build up slowly in the bloodstream, and fade slowly, which reduces the “crash” effect caused when the level of the drug drops. Some adults with ADHD can benefit from non-stimulant drugs, such as atomoxetine, an antidepressant or bupropion. They are slower to work than stimulants and could be better for those who are unable to take them due to health issues or severe side effects. Some people who suffer from ADHD are also afflicted with anxiety or depression. In these situations, doctors may prescribe an antidepressant, or an antianxiety medication, along with the ADHD medication. They will consider how the medications could interfere or conflict with one another, and they will be on the lookout for any signs of a potentially dangerous adverse effects. Other treatment options ADHD can be treated with a range of medications. They are all designed to increase dopamine levels and norepinephrine levels within the brain. This helps people focus better and improves their ability to hear and remember. These medications include stimulants as well as non-stimulants. The stimulants are the most commonly prescribed treatment for ADHD. Although stimulants are effective for many people, they may cause adverse side negative effects. Some of these adverse effects can be serious. Your doctor can assist you in determining the most effective dosage of medication that will meet your needs. They may also suggest other treatments that can lessen or prevent side effects. The two most commonly used kinds of stimulants used for ADHD are methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine. These drugs are sold under various brand names, including Ritalin and Adderall. They are available as short-acting and extended-release preparations. Short-acting drugs can last up to 3-4 hours and are typically taken twice or three times daily. Extended-release medications are typically taken every day and can last up to 16 hours. Many adults supplement their extended release medication in the morning with a dose that is shorter-acting late afternoon or evening in order to fill the gap between the time when the medicine wears off and the next dose. Stimulants can cause nausea and changes in blood pressure and heart rate. Certain people may be more anxious and irritable than usual. They may also cause tics to become more severe or increase their frequency. They can also cause a minor slowing of growth in certain adolescents and children, however it is only temporary and does not alter the final height. They can also cause weight gain and increase appetite. They can also cause an increase in blood cholesterol in some people. Certain antidepressants are also utilized “off-label” to treat ADHD. The most widely used is bupropion (Wellbutrin), which helps by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. It can be particularly helpful for people suffering from ADHD and anxiety or depression. It can be helpful when stimulants are not working in the absence of being tolerated or abused or if a drug abuse disorder is present.